Title
Social representations of intelligence
Abstract
In short, intelligence needs to be defined socially (Doise and Mugny, 1984) so as to account for the origin of the social issues involved in its measurement, those 'natural' divisions (Moscovici, 1968) which persist even into socialist societies with their claim of classlessness.
Rather than looking for the answer [the definition of intelligence] in the development of scientific conceptions of intelligence or of the workings of the intellect (see Sternberg, 1982; Fry, 1984a), we have deliberately chosen to investigate the social representations of intelligence, or in other words ordinary, everyday attitudes to intelligence, which are often less naïve than they appear. This approach is fully justified, given a recognition that conceptions of intelligence are actually social constructions, with a multiplicity of significances which, as we shall hope to show, are related to different social integrations. In the end, we should at least be in a better position to distinguish between myth and reality in the notion of intelligence (Salvat, 1976).
We shall observe how a representation is constructed, similar to what we are accustomed to think of as the ideology of giftedness, and designed to domesticate the socio-cognitive unfamiliarity created by the differences in intelligence between individuals. It is a process, as we shall see, which implies some kind of information shortage and direct, significant experience of inter-individual differences of a sort typically found among parents (simply by virtue of being parents) and among teachers during the gradual process of socialisation into their chosen function. These are two of the adult socialisations—and we shall be looking at the others as well—which have a determining effect on the development of representations of intelligence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
(Source: preface)
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Loc. in Archive
617852265; 1990-97116-000
Extra
Pages: Chapter xi, 196 Pages
Publication Title: Social representations of intelligence
abstractTranslation: En resumen, la inteligencia necesita ser definida socialmente (Doise y Mugny, 1984) para dar cuenta del origen de los problemas sociales implicados en su medición, esas divisiones "naturales" (Moscovici, 1968) que persisten incluso en las sociedades socialistas con su pretensión de ausencia de clases. En lugar de buscar la respuesta [la definición de inteligencia] en el desarrollo de concepciones científicas de la inteligencia o del funcionamiento del intelecto (véase Sternberg, 1982; Fry, 1984a), hemos elegido deliberadamente investigar las representaciones sociales de la inteligencia, o en otras palabras, las actitudes ordinarias y cotidianas hacia la inteligencia, que a menudo son menos ingenuas de lo que parecen. Este enfoque está plenamente justificado, dado el reconocimiento de que las concepciones de la inteligencia son en realidad construcciones sociales, con una multiplicidad de significados que, como esperamos mostrar, están relacionados con diferentes integraciones sociales. Al fin y al cabo, al menos deberíamos estar en una mejor posición para distinguir entre mito y realidad en la noción de inteligencia (Salvat, 1976). Observaremos cómo se construye una representación, similar a lo que estamos acostumbrados a pensar como la ideología de la superdotación, y diseñada para domesticar la falta de familiaridad sociocognitiva creada por las diferencias de inteligencia entre los individuos. Es un proceso, como veremos, que implica algún tipo de escasez de información y una experiencia directa y significativa de las diferencias interindividuales del tipo que se encuentra típicamente entre los padres (simplemente por el hecho de ser padres) y entre los maestros durante el proceso gradual de socialización en la función elegida. Estas son dos de las socializaciones adultas -y nos ocuparemos también de las otras- que tienen un efecto determinante en el desarrollo de las representaciones de la inteligencia. (Registro de la base de datos PsycINFO (c) 2016 APA, todos los derechos reservados) (Fuente: prefacio)
Notas
Última actualización - 2017-09-25
TOCDataText - (Abbreviated); List of tables; Preface; Acknowledgements; From intelligence to its social representations; From genetic social psychology to the study of social representations of intelligence; Research methodology; The dimensions of intelligence: Results of the factor analysis; How intelligence develops; Teaching methods; Models of the child; Intelligence and school subjects; The contribution of scientific disciplines; The socio-psychological origins of representations of intelligence; Parental identity; The effects of parental experience; Parental experience and cultural background; Sexual differentiation and representations of intelligence; Sexual differentiation among students; Sexual differentiation among non-teachers; Parental identity and sexual differentiation; Working women and full-time mothers; Effects of occupation; The teaching profession: Teachers and future teachers; The parental experience of teachers; Models of the child: Experimental approach; The bright child and the child who is not bright; Models of the child and parental experience; Models of the child and teaching identity; Conclusions; The socio-cognitive roots of the ideology of giftedness; The identity function of representations; Appendixes; Questionnaire 1: Intelligence; Questionnaire 2: The development of intelligence; Questionnaire 3: Teaching methods; Questionnaire 4: Images of the child; Questionnaire 5: Scholastic subjects; Questionnaire 6: Scientific disciplines; Questionnaire 7: Sources of information; References; Index
PubXState - NY
Fecha de revisión - 19900101
Citación
Mugny, G., & Carugati, F. (1989). Social representations of intelligence. Cambridge University Press. APA PsycInfo® (617852265; 1990-97116-000). https://www.proquest.com/books/social-representations-intelligence/docview/617852265/se-2?accountid=15299