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Our study revolves around the concept of giftedness and the various factors that influence it, in a socio–historical and current context, following the definition of the phenomenon from ancient cultures to the present day, the consequences of its existence, its measurement possibilities and development. We explain the impact of intelligence, creativity, motivation, performance needs and other factors, how these processes and skills contribute (or not) to the development of giftedness. In the end, we will talk about a group of talents-the twice-exceptional talents -who need a great deal of help in getting their skills to the surface and consolidating in the most effective way. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract) Resumen en idioma originalTanulmányunk a tehetség és az azt befolyásoló, különböző tényezők koncepcióját járja körül társadalmi-történelmi és aktuális keretek között, az ősi kultúráktól napjainkig követve a jelenség definiálását, meglétének következményeit, mérésének lehetőségeit és fejlődését. Kifejtjük az intelligencia, a kreativitás, a motiváció, a teljesítményigény és egyéb, más tényezők hatását, azt, hogy e folyamatok, képességek hogyan, miben járulnak hozzá (vagy nem) a tehetség kibontakozásához. Végezetül pedig szót ejtünk egy olyan tehetségcsoportról – kétszeresen kivételesek –, akik különösen nagy segítséget igényelnek abban, hogy képességeik a leghatékonyabb módon jöjjenek felszínre és szilárduljanak meg. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The problem of culturally, linguistically, and economically diverse (CLED) student underrepresentation in gifted programs demonstrates a need to examine systemic processes, including the building of systemic capacity at the district and school levels where policies for gifted programs are formed and implemented. To examine the effects of this process on one diverse district’s gifted identification and services, we conducted 10 focus group interviews with 61 participants including gifted coordinators, teacher leaders, and gifted facilitators in the middle of a district initiative aimed at improving equitable identification and services in its gifted program. Data were analyzed using the six-phase approach of Thematic Analysis, which included (1) familiarization, (2) coding, (3) searching for themes, (4) reviewing themes, (5) defining and naming themes, and then (6) writing our report. Three overarching themes emerged from the in-depth analysis: (1) building systemic capacity, (2) shifting conceptions of giftedness, and (3) equitable identification practices and inclusive programming. Findings indicated the importance of systemic capacity building in teachers for improved CLED student identification into gifted programs and services. Essentially, building systemic capacity and shifting conceptions of giftedness share a reciprocal relationship in leading to more equitable gifted identification practices and inclusive programming. Moreover, implementing flexible and nuanced policy that takes into consideration school climate and culture is critical to building systemic capacity while working toward goals of equity. Recommendations are provided for researchers and practitioners based on these major findings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The identification of students for participation in gifted education programs has traditionally involved the use of some combination of cognitive ability measures and teacher recommendations. Research has demonstrated that these approaches may limit the participation of students from diverse ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds. In order to address this issue, efforts have been made to develop assessments and techniques that are more equitable for all students. The current study was focused on the development of a scale based on parental descriptions of aspects giftedness displayed by their child. Topic-modeling via latent dirichlet analysis was used to extract themes from 13 written responses by parents. The topics were then used in a nonlinear principal components analysis to develop a scale score. Evidence for validity was then investigated for these scores in a variety of ways. Results demonstrated that scores differed between student groups as expected, and correlations with other measures associated with giftedness were in the expected direction and magnitude. Implications and utility of this scale are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Discusses socioculturally promoted biases against the education of gifted females and the disparity between male and female representation among the illustrious. The perspectives of gifted women including L. S. Hollingworth (1914, 1926), M. C. Thomas, and men such as John Stuart Mill (1869) supporting the advocation of educational equity are contrasted with those of men such as Sir Francis Galton (1870) and E. Clarke (1873) whose scholarly propositions provided "scientific proof" that females were intellectually inferior, providing an "acceptable" discriminatory basis for hindering women from the attainment of eminence. A newer, more equitable definition of giftedness focuses on the inner experience of the gifted person throughout the life span, and on how gifted women define success. The developmental aspects characteristic of giftedness, viewed as less culturally biased than achievement, are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Provides an overview of the literature on the metacognitive development (MD) in gifted and nongifted children. Research is examined regarding declarative metacognitive knowledge (DMK), cognitive monitoring (CM), and strategy regulation and control. DMK development seems to follow a monotonic pattern, with giftedness advantages appearing at all ages. CM seems to be equally difficult for gifted and nongifted children at all ages. For both spontaneous and complex strategy use, few developmental differences are found during elementary school years. Developmental differences may increase with age, but more investigations using older gifted children and children with domain-specific knowledge are necessary. The ability to transfer a trained strategy seems to favor the gifted. However, research indicates that gifted children may not have more advanced ability in all areas of metacognition, and that multiple factors are responsible for giftedness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)

The present paper is based on questions of the theoretical conceptualization of the hypothetical construct "creativity", its operationalization and corresponding measurement problems. Intelligence and creativity are seen here as two complementary components with regard to solving complex cognitive problems. In addition to newer research paradigms and models, empirical results of current research on giftedness and creativity will be presented. The focus will be on four main topics: (1) giftedness and creativity characteristics as individual determinants of achievement (at school, university, and work); (2) social and cultural conditions of the development of domain specific competencies and achievements; (3) development of excellent achievement in light of modern life span research and sex related differences; and (4) integrative approaches to identifying highly able and creative students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Describes the interrelationships among intelligence, humor and giftedness. Intellectually gifted students possess a number of common characteristics, one of which is an advanced sense of humor. Many theories believe that the key concept of humor is understanding incongruity, and this involves a mental process similar to problem solving. Research evidence on the relationship between intelligence and humor is equivocal. However, many researchers (e.g., Piaget) have related cognitive development to changes in humor comprehension and in what is considered as humorous; the association of humor with giftedness is also supported. Issues such as the inconsistency with which researchers define and measure humor, the distinction between humor appreciation and production, and differences in humor related to developmental stages need to be resolved before actual interrelationships can be understood. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Reports errors in the original article by T. Czeschlik and D. H. Rost ( Roeper Review, 1994[Jun], Vol 16[4], 294–297). A corrected version of Table I is provided, a revised version of the paragraph on page 295 is given, a correction of a sentence in the paragraph on page 295 describing the administered intelligence tests is given, and a new footnote is given for footnote number 4. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in PA, Vol 82:1316.) Explores possible interactions of giftedness and gender. 50 gifted Ss (aged 10 yrs) were matched with 50 Ss of average intelligence on the variables of gender and SES. Three data sources (children, parents, and teachers) on the Ss' personality and socioemotional behavior were used. Gender and giftedness interactions did not appear. The only interactions were in favor of gifted children as more social and adaptable, particularly in favor of gifted girls, who were rated highest in social behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Surveyed 1,465 gifted high school students (aged 14–28 yrs) concerning their perceptions and experiences of being gifted in high school. Data were analyzed using the Stigma of Giftedness Paradigm by L. J. Coleman (1985), which states that (1) gifted and talented students want to have normal social interactions, (2) they believe that people treat them differently when aware of their giftedness, and (3) they can influence how others interact with them by manipulating the information others have about them through various coping strategies. The paradigm was found to be an efficacious framework within which to contextualize the psychosocial development of gifted students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Reviews research on theory and identification of gifted and talented youth. Conceptions of giftedness and talent are examined as they relate to the identification process. It is argued that giftedness is a complex phenomenon comprised of both intellectual and social emotional factors and that acceleration should be the major approach to educating gifted youth. Grouping gifted youth is then examined, with particular emphasis on recent meta-analyses of grouping procedures. Ability grouping leads to higher academic achievement for gifted youth, serves as a stimulus or motivator, and confirms the legitimacy of the students' personal identity. (Chinese abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Studied the effectiveness of various procedures for identifying technically gifted students. Human Ss: 44 male and female West German 5th–7th graders (including 26 Ss with high and 18 Ss with normal intelligence scores) (procedure-development sample). 44 male and female West German 5th–7th graders (including 26 Ss with high and 18 Ss with normal intelligence scores) (procedure-application sample). Ss completed measures assessing cognitive ability and 5 predictors of technical giftedness. In addition, Ss' teachers rated them on various characteristics associated with giftedness. Using results from the procedure-development sample, 3 strategies for identifying gifted students were developed: a "rule of thumb" approach, discriminant analysis, and an expert system. Using data from the procedure-application sample, each strategy was evaluated in terms of its accuracy and efficiency. (English abstract) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

The eight articles in this special section examine several issues that define current research in gifted education. Identifying the separate areas of giftedness is a major issue that continues to attract researchers' attention. A second, related issue concerns the stability and predictability of precocity in different areas. Precociousness in mathematics heralds stable exceptionality, whereas precociousness in early reading seems somewhat less likely to be maintained. A third issue concerns the fulfillment of potential. What variables, other than giftedness, help children develop their special talents? Researchers are becoming more aware that the answers to this question may differ depending on the child's gender. A final issue focuses on the socioemotional adjustment of gifted individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Discusses the types of research needed for the identification, development, and education of high-ability children. Serious research on the gifted began some 70-yrs ago with the studies by L. M. Terman (1922), and has intensified in the last decade. Since many decisions on identification, education, and counseling depend on the underlying conception of giftedness, a fruitful area of research involves the validity of various concepts. Research is also needed to ascertain the effectiveness of identification procedures, to determine what kinds of educational and socialization opportunities are needed to transform potential into performance, and better to identify and nurture giftedness in populations which are traditionally underrepresented. A better understanding is needed on how affective characteristics can be nurtured, as well as the influence of family and community on talent development, and ways of achieving the twin goals of equity and excellence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Used nonverbal measures of IQ, teacher nominations (NOMs), and parent NOMs to identify giftedness among severely and profoundly hearing impaired students enrolled in a school for the deaf ( n = 120) or a public school system ( n = 58). All Ss were aged 5–20 yrs. Teacher NOMs were made using the Scales for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students. No significant relationships emerged between parent NOMs and teacher NOMs, or parent NOMs and IQ. Although tending to nominate the same students, both teachers and parents missed identifying some gifted Ss. In the analysis of teacher NOMs and IQ, some significant relationships appeared for the public school Ss but not for the school for the deaf Ss. Teachers associated giftedness with the characteristics of superior recall, speed of understanding, reasoning ability, academic ability, expressive ability, eagerness to learn, and keen observation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Discusses issues related to gifted individuals, including characteristics of giftedness and impediments to recognition of gifted individuals with disabilities. These impediments are interactive and cumulative and include factors such as developmental delays, test limitations, social skill development, limited opportunities, lowered expectations and attitudes, and self-perceptions. The interactions of giftedness, disability, and environment are noted, and implications for the rehabilitation process, standard practices, and rehabilitation education are addressed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Administered the Slosson Intelligence Test (SIT) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised (WISC—R) to 38 potentially gifted students (aged 15–17 yrs). Analysis showed a significant correlation between the SIT and the WISC—R Verbal Scale. If giftedness is considered to include both verbal and nonverbal development, the SIT and the WISC—R should not be used interchangeably. The degree of relationship between the 2 verbal scales, however, suggests that the SIT has value as a screening instrument when giftedness is defined as verbal in nature. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Addresses the concept of giftedness, and the identification of gifted minorities in particular. A broadened view of giftedness is proposed that acknowledges outstanding ability beyond simple considerations of IQ. Respect for the cultural diversities of gifted minorities is also emphasized. Issues are examined that may affect the identification of the culturally diverse gifted across parental, school teacher, psychologist, and school district levels. Recommendations are made to correct the underidentification of gifted minorities and their underrepresentation in gifted programming. These include parent training, teacher inservice training, expanded scope of psychological intervention, parent advocacy, and advocacy for expanded gifted program eligibility guidelines and services. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Examines multiple conceptualizations of giftedness and influences on its expression within a sociocultural context. Two approaches to educating the gifted are described: an enrichment and an acceleration model. It is noted that evaluation of these approaches and information on how best to nurture talent remains insufficient to inform policymakers. Similarly, knowledge about the developmental course of giftedness and how such behavior is nurtured and sustained remains sparse and should be a high-priority research area. A research agenda is outlined that focuses both on understanding intellectual, social, and personality processes in the gifted over the life span and on evaluating and developing appropriate educational programs. (27 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Discusses conceptual issues related to giftedness, and describes recent theories and research approaches in the area of giftedness. Additional topics include: (1) methodological problems in the identification of gifted children and adolescents, (2) psychosocial problems of gifted children, and (3) educational strategies for gifted students. (English abstract) (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)

28 4th and 5th graders deemed to be in the top quartile of their class in leadership ability by self, 83 peers, and 5 teachers were given a 3-part leadership task in which each part called for one of J. S. Renzulli's (1979) criteria for giftedness (i.e., above-average ability, creativity, and task commitment). Each S received a rating on these 3 dimensions, which were compiled into an overall leadership performance score. Findings indicate that among the 3 sources of data (self, peer, and teachers), self-nominations were the single best method for identifying Ss with leadership giftedness. However, the mean performance scores of the Ss chosen by any of the nomination sources were so close that no one method of identifying the leadership gifted seems empirically superior. It is recommended to teachers of the gifted and administrators seeking to identify the leadership gifted in their student population that they consult all 3 nomination sources before making their selection. (7 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)