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Objectives/Background: Intellectual giftedness is characterized by an intellectual development superior to peers, while emotional and relational developments correspond to the age norms. Few empirical researches have investigated sleep profile of gifted children (GC) and its association with their well-being, all of which used IQ as the sole definition criteria for GC. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between giftedness and sleep on socio-emotional functioning. Participants: The sample consisted of 32 GC (25 boys; mean age = 9.62, SD = 1.81) and 17 typically-developing children (TD: 13 boys; mean age = 10.23 years, SD = 1.95). Giftedness was identified using Renzulli’s three-factor definition of giftedness. Methods: Children’s sleep and socio-emotional functioning were respectively assessed with the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist, both completed by parents. Results: Being in the GC group increased by 4.67 times the risk of having sleep problems and 14.12 times the risk of having maladaptive behaviors. Two-way ANOVA tests showed that sleep problems tended to moderate the relation between giftedness and adjustment difficulties so that the combination of giftedness and sleep problems appeared to be prejudicial to socio-emotional functioning. Conclusion: Giftedness could be a risk factor for sleep disorders as well as adjustment difficulties. The present results support the importance of addressing sleep in the GC assessment to improve their well-being and eventually limit the negative impacts of sleep difficulties on emotional and behavioral functioning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Currently, there is an obvious shortage of Russian studies of perceptual processes in the gifted. The study is focused on theoretical and organizational issues of research in the cognitive sphere of giftedness, in particular, perception, which is relevant not only in its fundamental but also applied aspects,—this explains the high research activity of foreign psychologists in this area nowadays. The empirical data presented in the literature on the importance of perceptual processes in the formation of the phenomenon of giftedness are considered from the methodological positions of the perceptual psychology, which allows to identify new approaches in the study of giftedness. The array of empirical evidence that is emerging today is systematized according to the main tasks to be solved in the research: (1) to identify (to measure) the cognitive characteristics of the gifted and to establish connections between them; (2) to determine the parameters of cognitive processes specific to giftedness; (3) to establish the connections between the phenomenon of giftedness and specific cognitive resources. The typical organizational features of modern cognitive psychology of giftedness are highlighted: the use of psychometric tools and comparative research methods, the predominance of child and adolescent samples, the preoccupation with the phenomenon of mathematical giftedness and the involvement of neuroscientific research resources; their capabilities and limitations are shown. Using the neurocognitive studies of mathematical giftedness as an example, the theoretical and organizational threats to the validity of the conclusions drawn in them are discussed, as well as the ways to increase the argumentativeness of the research in the cognitive sphere of giftedness, i.e., to ensure its ecological validity, integrity, ontologicality, particularly by covering a larger number of studied variables on significant groups of participants. The empirical evidence of the key role of visual-spatial processing (spatial thinking) in the cognitive structure of giftedness is systematized. Based on the thesis about the special functional significance of the direct sensory perception, the task of determining the functional characteristics of perceptual processes under the conditions of giftedness is set. The integration of knowledge from different subject areas of psychology for studying the problems of unique cognitive and social functioning, the personality organization of a gifted person is also provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

In this article, I discuss two kinds of giftedness, transactional and transformational. Transformational giftedness is giftedness that is transformative. Transformationally gifted individuals seek positively to change the world at some level—in their own way, to make the world a better place. Transactional giftedness is giftedness that is based on exchange. It is tit-for-tat in nature. The individual is identified as gifted and then expects and is expected to do something in return. That something, for children, is typically high-level performance in academic coursework. Society also may expect that the individual later in life will continue to show high educational achievement. The two kinds of giftedness are not inborn. Rather, they are shaped through life in school and in the home interacting with the personal attitudes toward life of the gifted individual. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Over the past century, strong applications of psychometrics have resulted in an ideology and practices of identification in the field of gifted education. In recent years, an alternative ideology that construes giftedness in an inclusive light and promotes democratic practices has emerged. This ideology posits a new meaning-making system of giftedness that is process-based rather than person-based. In this article, we elaborate some conceptual principles of this emerging ideology. First, we reflect on the nature of giftedness as a social construct using a symbolic interactionist perspective and articulate the dialectical evolution of collective meanings of giftedness. Second, we address the interdependency between an individual and a context when it comes to helping students realize their giftedness. Third, we accentuate a growth orientation and outline the importance of considering giftedness as a process-based entity. Furthermore, we provide a T:CAD conception of giftedness along with ideas for transaction-focused practices that aim to encourage the rendering of this emerging ideology in practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

In this article we present research concerning important aspects of domain-specific giftedness. Specifically, we address the evidence regarding the relationship between specific abilities and achievement. Empirical evidence suggests that specific abilities have been used widely and validly for identification of exceptional talent in performance domains, and mathematical and spatial reasoning ability have demonstrated predictive validity for achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) domains. We note that domains of talent have unique trajectories and discuss four critical aspects of domain-specific giftedness. These include the developmental nature of giftedness (giftedness moves from potential to competency to expertise and possibly to eminence over time); the temporal nature of giftedness (that domains vary in their starting, peak, and ending points); the contextual aspect of giftedness (societal value of some domains over others, changing of domains and emergence of new domains, and the environmental influences in fostering domain-specific achievement); and the relative nature of giftedness (childhood giftedness is advancement relative to age peers, and adult giftedness is exceptional achievement relative to other domain experts). Finally, we present some implications of a domain perspective on giftedness for educational practice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Giftedness is a multifaceted concept that involves a wide range of inputs and outputs. Hence, there are many theories suggesting a multidimensionality of giftedness. The aim of the present paper is (a) to position giftedness in terms of the processes involved and (b) to propose a multidimensional conception in order to differentiate creative and academic giftedness. Creative giftedness is represented by a high ability to produce ideas that are original and valuable in a specific domain or in several domains of work. There are many arguments that set creative giftedness apart from other types of giftedness. First, some empirical and theoretical data suggest that creativity is a specific characteristic that is independent from intelligence. Moreover, high levels of creativity are explained by specific processes that are not involved in high academic achievement. Finally, some researchers have observed cognitive styles and personality traits that may explain the distinction between high academic performance and highly creative performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This article presents two independent studies of Finnish teachers’ conceptions of giftedness and considers whether it is a malleable or fixed quality. The first qualitative study examined elementary school teachers’ ( N = 212) conceptions via inductive-oriented content analysis, whereas the second study measured teachers’ (elementary n = 184, secondary n = 279) conceptions with a quantitative approach. According to teachers’ open-ended definitions, giftedness was seen to be multidimensional and a characteristic that differentiates the person from others. Giftedness was also described via cognitive, creative, and motivational features of the gifted. Furthermore, the two independent studies suggest quite different views on how Finnish teachers understand the developmental nature of giftedness: The first indicates that the developmental nature of giftedness was not frequently mentioned, whereas the second found that a malleable view of giftedness (i.e., a growth mindset) was dominant. Thus, this article highlights a need for in-depth and mixed-methods research designs to study how teachers see the developing nature of giftedness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This article stresses the social importance of the problem of giftedness and in this connection the necessity to clarify this concept scientifically. The history of this problem reveals the origins of reduction of the concept and the wide-spread notion of giftedness as "intelligence level above average."There are two reasons of it: 1) Galton's components of giftedness were put into a complex; 2) there were no measuring techniques of this complex. The unit of the analysis of giftedness was formed after Galton's notion of giftedness as comprised of components was supplemented with the method of measurement -"systematic observation"- and understood as an ability to generate activity at one's own initiative. Then it became possible to realize Galton's concept of giftedness as a manifestation of mind and character. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The aim of this review is to explore recent research on the socio-emotional characteristics of gifted children and adolescents. The existing literature from 2009 to 2019 was analyzed through a search carried out in Pubmed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Sapiens and PsycInfo. 14 studies were selected for review. The results showed depressed mood, low self-esteem, and maladaptive perfectionism in gifted children. Regarding their social skills and perceived anxiety, the results obtained are contradictory according to the different studies. More studies are needed to provide evidence. The results obtained help guide the design of assessment and intervention programs for strengthening skills that contribute to gifted children’s adaptation, well-being, and to preventing psychological problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The study of gender issues can also be associated with the study of gifted and talented students. The main goal of this paper was to conduct a literature review in the area of gifted and talented women to understand the state of the art and to clarify if this topic is still current and pertinent. In that sense, a research was done in the PsycINFO database, using two descriptors: 'gifted and talented girls' and 'gifted and talented women', and three cumulative criteria, using the available resources and designations in the database: a) research period: referring to the last 5 years (from 2011 to 2016); b) relevance, considering the descriptor: five stars; and c) reviewed with peer review. Thirteen studies were selected and analysed. The data were organised according to categories such as: year of publication, journal, authors, objectives, research typology, participants, instruments and results. Three categories emerged according to the main goals of the studies: experiences of gifted girls (4 studies); differentiated perceptions and productions according to gender (5 studies); and, intervention effects on gifted girls (4 studies). The data suggest the relevance of research on the subject. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The present article is centered in the identification and students’ characterization with High Intellectual Capacities in students of the grades X and XI of Institutions Educational officials of Santa Marta’s District. The selection of the sample was made assisting to postulation approaches on the part of educational and students of the mentioned grades and psychological evaluation, of which 22 students were selected distributed this way: 8 with High Intellectual Abilities and 14 with Academic Talents. The results hurtled by this study allowed to approach to a characterization and the achievement of a bigger understanding of the psychological particularities of these youths what facilitates the construction of in agreement intervention strategies with the detected characteristics. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Background: Families of gifted students may have poorer well-being due to difficulties in parenting. Emotional intelligence could help parents manage negative emotions and improve their self-esteem, and perceived social support and stress could mediate this relationship. The objective of this study was to analyze these variables by testing a mediation model in parents of gifted children and parents in general. Method: Questionnaires assessing emotional intelligence, stress, perceived social support, affect and self-esteem were administered to 245 parents (135 had gifted children). Descriptive analyses were performed, mean differences were calculated, and structural equation models (SEMs) were developed and tested. Results: Compared with parents in general, the parents of the gifted students reported more negative experiences (Cohen’s d = 0.75; p < .01) and less social support from their friends (Cohen’s d = 1.54; p < .01). Social support and stress partially mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and wellbeing. For parents of gifted students, there was partial mediation of social support through positive affect. Conclusions: Providing families with tools to promote their emotional intelligence and conducting awareness campaigns focused on understanding and supporting gifted groups will contribute to parents’ well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Adult performance of high ability individuals has seldom been researched. Current results suggest that adult excellence occurs at lower rates than high ability individuals identified in their infancy or youth, with few cases of high intellectual abilities among adults that yield excellence products. This paper focuses on the analysis of the relative frequency of biographical traits that are associated with high ability as well as to the opportunities that allow building particular knowledge structures that are nonconventional and support innovation in people who excelled. A retrospective biographical analysis was performed on a sample of 120 individuals that generated renowned excellence products, in different fields, in the XXth century. Variables associated to high abilities were: precocity; learning problems; social problems in school; and academic excellence. And the variables associated with the generation of knowledge structures that support innovation were: academic-professional continuity; strong influence of particular individuals; and high productivity. Significant differences were found, showing a low presence of the first four variables and a higher presence of the last three. It follows that the trajectory towards excellence does not seem to correlate with a high level of intellectual resources but with a certain use of sufficient resources, whether cerebral or external technological support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the scientific production of empirical articles regarding twice exceptionality—giftedness/ADHD—through a systematic review. The search was carried out in the Portal de Periódicos Capes, SciELO, and PePSIC databases, considering the publications between 2011 and 2021. The terms giftedness, high abilities, ADHD, twice exceptionality, and their counterparts in Portuguese were used as descriptors. We selected 27 articles based on pre-established inclusion criteria. Six categories of studies were identified: socio-emotional factors, interpersonal relationships, identification, inattention and hyperactivity, intelligence quotient, and educational support practices. The conclusion was that by having their individual needs met and school community support, gifted students with ADHD can academically succeed, have a positive self-concept and good interpersonal relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Currently there are no studies on positive emotions in children with high intellectual capacity or their relationship with emotional intelligence. The objective of the present work was to analyze this relationship in school children with high intellectual capacity. 60 children with high intellectual capacity answered the Positive Emotions Infant Questionnaire (ClEP, Oros, 2014) and the Emotional Intelligence Inventory BarOn EQ-i: YV (s) (Bar-On and Paker, 2000). Linear regression analysis indicated that emotional intelligence is a variable dependent on positive emotions, with happiness and serenity being the most significant. These results guide us on the importance of working first with positive emotions and later with emotional intelligence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Introduction: Due to in many theoretical models creativity is a basic element in order to define intellectual giftedness, in this work, relations between creative abilities and intellectual capacity are examined. At this end, as a first step, we have developed a wide review of previous investigations on the subject. On the basis of a sample containing students belonging to Primary and Secondary Schools, global or by factors differences in creative abilities are analized between gifted students and the remainder ones. Finally, we have tried to determine if the former get high marks when doing a graphical test. Method: The study has been developed on the basis of a sample of 447 students belonging to 4°, 5° and 6° levels of Primary School and to 4° and 5° levels of Secondary Education. Four schools, both public and delivered via a public private partnership, were considered. 54 students were found to have an intelligence quotient (IQ) equal or higher than the 95 percentile in a non-verbal intelligence test. We investigate numerical results obtained by the students on 9 creativity factors, for a proposed graphical test of creativity. Results: Students with high intellectual capacity had better average results, statistically meaningful, in the creativity test and in all its factors. Nevertheless, only a part of these students had very good scores (percentile higher than 75). On the other hand, a large number of students without high intellectual abilities exceeds in creativity to the remainder gifted students. These results are also statistically meaningful. Discussion and conclusions: Results are in agreement with those obtained in classical investigations where, depending on the creativity field studied, weak or moderate correlations between IQ and creativity were found. The present work suggests that a high intellectual capacity leads to better results when solving creativity tasks. However, students with lower IQ can show a high creativity, as not all gifted students are exceptionally creative. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Personal and social adjustment of high-ability children and adolescents is a very important issue in the specialized literature. The differences found between data for and against appropriate adjustment in gifted children and adolescents could be explained by conceptual or methodological biases. In this work, the relation between adjustment and high abilities are contrasted in a sample of teenagers from the Canary Islands, using a screening procedure based on their scores in intelligence tests. Results show that, although gifted adolescents differ significantly from their peers in the control group in socio-economic variables and academic performance, there are no differences in personal, social and educational adjustment. We conclude that adjustment problems and high ability are independent variables, and there is no evidence to support that gifted individuals have adjustment problems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

During the last decades, high intellectual abilities have been revealed as a decisive curricular factor that evidences the need to adapt content to students’ characteristics. In Spain, various autonomous communities have designed programs that, through extraordinary activities, seek to respond to this demand and provide talented students with the appropriate context for the development and strengthening of their skills. In the case of Madrid, this proposal includes private involvement of an entrepreneurial nature that has demonstrated the possible connection between the two environments when considering the labor asset, fundamentally oriented to the resolution of projects by adolescent subjects with above average cognitive capacities. This research has examined, by means of a 180º questionnaire completed by 342 subjects (comprised of parents and skilled children, teachers and classmates) in seven Madrid schools, the possibility of identifying the ‘eagerness to achieve’ competence, considering that its early distinction enables its development in educational contexts and the training of students in order to promote individuals who focus their professional work towards the completion of assigned activities. The results obtained have also made it possible to draw up a generic profile of the talented student by combining his or her own assessments and those of his or her environment, and to recognize their most highly valued inherent aptitudes as well as those least valued. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This article notes the low rate of highly talented or gifted students formally identified in Spain compared to international benchmarks. These students are not properly identified, so a lack of specific educational responses for these highly talented students is also expected. Trying to counteract this trend, this article presents an enrichment program imparted to a group of students with high intellectual abilities during the academic year 2017/18 over three weekly sessions during school hours, where emerging technologies were an important key in how it was delivered. The experimental design included an experimental group of high ability students and two control groups, one consisting of students with high abilities who did not receive specific educational responses and another consisting of a group of regular schoolchildren in terms of abilities. The results showed that the implementation of specific educational responses improved children’s levels of adaptation and in some cases, their school performance. These data are discussed in an attempt to recommend enrichment programs integrated into the classroom as an appropriate educational response to gifted or high ability students. Attention to diversity of all students in the classroom is possible, for example by resorting to ICT, increasing the educational inclusion of students with high intellectual capacity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Some recent researches have shown the important role of hair cortisol as a retrospective biomarker of chronic stress. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between hair cortisol levels and sociodemographic and psychological variables, such as perceived stress levels and psychopathological symptoms on a Spanish population. The sample consisted of 347 healthy people, 230 women and 117 men, with an average age of 33.39 years ( SD = 12.63). Hair cortisol levels were measured by obtaining a hair sample. In addition, a psychological assessment composed by: Analogic-Visual Stress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL–90–R) and the assessment of vital stressful events suffered, was carried out. The mean cortisol level was 108.93 pg/mg ( SD = 66.43) in men, and 120.38 pg/mg ( SD = 87.26) in women. The linear hierarchical regression showed that Analogic-Visual Stress Scale and perceived stress levels were related with higher hair cortisol levels ( R² = .032; t = 2.21; p = .029). Due to the relationship between daily stress levels, Analogic-Visual Stress Scale, anxiety sub-scale of SCL 90–R and perceived stress levels with hair cortisol levels, we conclude that there is a relation between perceived yourself stressed and the physiological levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)