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The assessment of intellectual giftedness is often based on intelligence tests. In order to estimate the consistencies of the identification of intellectually gifted adolescents with three different intelligence tests, a sample of 9 th graders ( N = 562) worked on three conceptually similar intelligence tests assessing figural reasoning. The correlations of the three intelligence tests were of medium to high effect size. Regarding the interpretation of the diagnostic results, the diagnostic conclusion (“gifted” or “not-gifted”) based on the different test results was only partially consistent. The implications of the results are discussed regarding the relevance of test-specific diagnoses of intellectual giftedness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract) Resumen en idioma originalIm Zuge einer Diagnostik intellektueller Hochbegabung werden zumeist Intelligenztests eingesetzt. Um abzuschätzen, inwieweit das diagnostische Fazit („hochbegabt“ vs. „nicht hochbegabt“) bei der Verwendung mehrerer Intelligenztests vom spezifisch eingesetzten Intelligenztest abhängt, wurden die korrelativen und klassifikatorischen Übereinstimmungen von drei konzeptionell ähnlichen Testverfahren zum figuralen reasoning (CFT 20-R, KFT-N, SPM) anhand einer größeren Stichprobe ( N = 562; 9. Klassenstufe) ermittelt. Trotz mindestens mittelhoher Testinterkorrelationen stimmte das diagnostische Fazit „hochbegabt“ nur zum Teil überein. Insbesondere die Implikationen für die diagnostische Praxis werden diskutiert. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Creativity, giftedness, and leadership are complex, important phenomena, especially in the threatening turbulence of 21st-century conditions; consequently, there is an increasing need to understand how to strengthen them. We can learn much about these phenomena from within the borders of specialized disciplines; however, they are too complex and multifaceted to fit within the walls of disciplinary silos. Interdisciplinary explorations can reveal theories and research findings that expand our knowledge bases about creativity, giftedness, and leadership. This analysis includes the rationale for engaging in interdisciplinary investigations for these purposes. It includes examples of the ways in which interdisciplinary thinking invigorates creativity and cognitive diversity; illuminates the benefits of visual–spatial gifts that strengthen the development of important talents in gifted students who can go on to become creative leaders; and shows how human rights can be strengthened by constraining economic and political corruption. It also describes the benefits of using interdisciplinary navigation through different levels of analysis, each of which includes a number of academic disciplines. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Ghana is a rapidly developing West African country whose goal is to build a prosperous economy reliant on innovation and technology. Identifying and developing talent in the school system will play a role in achieving this goal; however, there is limited research on the status of gifted education and talent development in Ghana. This study investigated ten Junior High school mathematics and science teachers’ beliefs about giftedness and the strategies they proposed to develop gifted students’ potential into talent. The study drew on data from semi-structured interviews and lesson plans. The findings revealed that teachers had scant knowledge about giftedness and appropriate gifted education strategies. Respondents misconstrued differentiation and acceleration strategies and disregarded their use in developing the gifted. The study highlights the need for the development of a formal policy on gifted education, and the implementation of teacher education programmes that address teachers’ beliefs and knowledge about the gifted and gifted education strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The actiotope model of giftedness (AMG) highlights the interactions between the individual and the environment. Educational and learning capital (ELC) are essential resources that promote the development of excellence. The study objectives were to examine the contribution of educational capital (EC), learning capital (LC), and general intelligence (GI) to scholastic achievements (SA) of school age students, and to examine whether the effect of EC on GI and SA is mediated by LC. Two hundred, fifth grade, students completed GI and mathematical achievement tests. Teachers completed the teacher’s checklist for each student participant and students’ school grades in mathematics, science, language, and English were collected. Results demonstrated that GI, EC, and LC contributed, altogether, 80% to the prediction of SA, the contribution of LC being higher. Moreover, contribution of EC to SA was mediated by LC. The study corroborates the AMG by demonstrating that both the environment and the individual control the ability to reach excellence and giftedness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Stereotypes influence teachers’ perception of and behaviour towards students, thus shaping students’ learning opportunities. The present study investigated how 315 Australian pre-service teachers’ stereotypes about giftedness and gender are related to their perception of students’ intellectual ability, adjustment, and social-emotional ability, using an experimental vignette approach and controlling for social desirability in pre-service teachers’ responses. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that pre-service teachers associated giftedness with higher intellectual ability, but with less adjustment compared to average-ability students. Furthermore, pre-service teachers perceived male students as less socially and emotionally competent and less adjusted than female students. Additionally, pre-service teachers seemed to perceive female average-ability students’ adjustment as most favourable compared to male average-ability students and gifted students. Findings point to discrepancies between actual characteristics of gifted female and male students and stereotypes in teachers’ beliefs. Consequences of stereotyping and implications for teacher education are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This article presents a commentary on the 21 st-century perspectives on the special issue on Rethinking Human Potential for the Journal for the Education of the Gifted. This special issue can be seen as another effort to help the field find a set of assumptions about the nature of giftedness to guide its practices in the 21 st century. The fact that this special issue focuses on “human potential” and not giftedness and/ or talent immediately tells us that very broad issues will be examined, that big questions will be posed, and that the possible answers to these questions may shake the foundations of the established field. Indeed, that may be the goal of this special issue. The contributors all give credit to the century of work in the field that preceded them and see their efforts as building on the valued work of their predecessor. This special issue honors Howard Gardner’s work and its impact on education, including education of the gifted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

Rather than considering human potential in terms of an unrealized desired state, what if we framed it as gaining momentum in worthy long-term pursuits? This conceptual article, integrating ideas and findings from several scholarly literatures, explores how life purpose can serve as a meaningful, intentional guide for individuals, especially youth, to direct their other potentials into prosocial contributions to society. The argument (a) considers life purpose itself as a form of intrapersonal giftedness different from academic giftedness; (b) describes how life purpose could include distinctions of further potentials: coherence among purpose dimensions, influence on different life domains, reach of others impacted by the youths’ contributions, emphasis to change society, and precocious emergence of purpose’s dimensions and distinctions; and (c) muses how life purpose’s directing of other potentials might become a potential that could be realized by all youth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Peer status is an important indicator and predictor of adjustment. While gifted children tend to enjoy favorable peer status, their social functioning during adolescence is less clear. The current study seeks to enhance this understanding by examining both preference- and reputation-based peer status of gifted adolescents. Peer nominations were used to assess the peer status, aggression, victimization, and prosocial leadership of 327 public school seventh graders (44% male; 42% White). School records provided giftedness information, course grade, and standardized test scores, and substance use was self-reported. Gifted students were viewed as less aggressive and more prosocial and had higher academic achievement than nonidentified students. Giftedness moderated the peer status–adjustment relationship. Rejection related to higher victimization and test scores, but these associations were most exaggerated for gifted students. Popularity positively related to aggression and substance use; however, the associations were greatly attenuated for gifted students. Findings underscore the heterogeneity of gifted adolescents’ social experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Are people with superior intelligence also superior in interpreting the emotions of others? Some studies find that an underlying g-factor links all mental processes leading to an expectation of a positive answer to the question, while other studies find that there is a cost to giftedness. No previous study have tested social cognition among highly gifted, or the Mensa society specifically. The study measures emotion recognition in 63 members of the Norwegian Mensa and 101 community controls. The Mensa group had a higher total score on the EmoBio test and was specifically better at differentiating the anger emotion, otherwise hypothesized to be mediated by subcortical processes. There was no difference in heterogeneity between the groups, contrary to the expectation of an autistic subgroup in Mensa. The study indicate that the positive manifold extends also to social cognition, and runs counter to the concept of a cost to giftedness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

The purpose of this study was to form a deeper understanding of how high school teachers view giftedness and gifted education. Open-ended surveys and interviews were conducted with high school teachers in a suburban school district with three large high school, and data were analyzed using a grounded theory methodology. Data were collected and analyzed in two phases with two groups of teachers ( n₁ = 7 and n₂ = 13). Text data from both phases were analyzed separately and then validated using constant comparison processes. Initial coding, focused coding, and theoretical coding led to data categories and an emergent theory to explain high school teachers’ perceptions regarding gifted education. Results indicated a need to clarify the perception of giftedness among high school teachers, as well as how effective training of those teachers can be implemented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Despite one-dimensional stereotypes and barriers experienced by Asian American women, many have achieved prominence. We know very little about these stories, their lives, or what helped them to achieve beyond expectations. Based on the Productive Giftedness Model, the article identifies the common traits and supportive conditions that influence their success. To help illustrate these experiences, the article highlights the lives of 10 notable Asian American women across diverse professions. These women displayed “productive giftedness” as girls; they were accomplished, determined, and skillful early on, which led to excellence, awards, and leadership opportunities. Many also had supportive conditions including the investment of one or more adults. Parents, teachers, and mentors can further enhance these opportunities for Asian American girls. These general principles can be learned and applied to other groups as well. Supporting individual, instructional, and environmental factors can influence learning and achievement for girls in the early and school years. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Using a two-phase content analysis approach, this study examined how education scholars have discussed the intersection of giftedness, race, and poverty in gifted academic journals from 2000 to 2015. Specifically, the authors explored the following questions: (a) What are the characteristics of studies published that explore the intersection of giftedness, poverty, and students of color? (b) How do scholars discuss and theorize about how to recruit and retain gifted students of color who come from families living in poverty? (c) In what ways do scholars discuss the intersection of race and poverty for gifted students of color? Findings indicated that while studies were focused on students of color, there was limited discussion about the impact of race and poverty on the recruitment and retention of gifted students of color who come from families living in poverty. Implications and future research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This study aims to examine the role of essentialist interpretations in education. A group of university students (N = 196) were asked to rank themselves on a social ladder and respond to a set of statements on essentialist beliefs about social class and differential notions of intelligence. Results showed that it is possible to construct a reliable scale measuring essentialist beliefs, comprising views of social class as a discrete and stable social category. The differential notions of intelligence, or the social representation of natural giftedness, seem to be connected to two frames pertaining to the definition of social position: the essentialist beliefs about social class and the subjective perception of one’s own social rank. Accordingly, the representation of natural giftedness is part of the social-positional perspective of education. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

This study examined the exchangeability of total scores (i.e., intelligent quotients [IQs]) from three brief intelligence tests. Tests were administered to 36 children with intellectual giftedness, scored live by one set of primary examiners and later scored by a secondary examiner. For each student, six IQs were calculated, and all 216 values were submitted to a generalizability theory analysis. Despite strong convergent validity and reliability evidence supporting brief IQs, the resulting dependability coefficient was only .80, which indicates relatively low exchangeability across tests and examiners. Although error variance components representing the effects of the examiner, examiner‐by‐examinee interaction, the examiner‐by‐test interaction, and the test contributed little to IQ variability, the component representing the test‐by‐examinee interaction contributed about one‐third of the variance in IQs. These findings hold implications for selecting and interpreting brief intelligence tests and general testing for intellectual giftedness. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

After nearly a century of development, gifted education has evolved into a complex educational discipline with well thought out pedagogy and research agendas. However, while the number of studies escalates, the field as a whole has been criticized for producing fragmented and piecemeal results. One of the reasons for these shortfalls is that the field has invested little in meta-theoretical aspects, such as historical perspectives and philosophical foundations. This article is a comprehensive review and analysis of the conceptual changes and paradigm shifts in gifted education. Three major paradigm shifts in gifted education were identified— demystification (i.e., giftedness as manifested wonders), identification (i.e., giftedness as measurable predictions), and transaction (i.e., effectuation of human possibilities). Presently, there is still an implicit focus on the identification paradigm despite considerable efforts to shift the focus to creating and sustaining appropriate developmental niches for all individuals. Debates in the field are highlighted to provoke discussion of future directions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

Discusses insights gained by cognitive psychologists and psycholinguists into how persons read to obtain meaning that can be used to enhance the teaching of reading to gifted students. Characteristics of giftedness, such as those identified by B. Clark (1979) as "differential cognitive characteristics of the gifted" play an integral part in the high level of reading performance displayed by the gifted reader. The interplay of these cognitive characteristics of giftedness facilitates the processing of printed language to construct meaning. Curricular emphasis for these students should be on reading to learn rather than learning to read. Comprehension skills should be emphasized through critical, creative, and inquiry reading. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Discusses the advantages of single-S designs over the usual parametric designs for the detailed study of the gifted. Several designs are described, and it is suggested that the case study is an ideal approach for developing specific knowledge about giftedness. It is argued that the effects of current educational and psychosocial interventions on the lives of gifted individuals need to be researched and that large-scale studies do not necessarily yield useful information for describing giftedness. (41 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Examines 4 research designs of potential use in addressing the meaning of giftedness, including the traditional test-score-as-criterion design and 3 performance-based-research designs (academic mastery in a domain-specific area, creative productivity in domain-specific/interdisciplinary areas, and long-range creative productivity). It is suggested that the designs offer different conceptions of giftedness and imply different ways of providing educational services. (24 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Discusses issues related to the theory, methods, and validity of cognition research and its approach to the understanding of intelligence and giftedness. Previous research issues, including ecological validity, and current approaches, including metacognition, structural learning, and developmental and Piagetian studies are described. It is concluded that metacognitive research will lead to new meanings of giftedness in cognitive and academic terms. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Reviews current conceptions of giftedness and intelligence and presents a conception of giftedness as an interaction of intelligence, special abilities or talents, self-concept, and resultant motivation to achieve. A distinction is made between traits that are identified in young children and behaviors that serve as goals or outcomes of a program for gifted students. It is concluded that motivation, self-concept, and creativity should not serve as components of an identification scheme, but should be major goals of gifted programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)