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Investigated why dyslexic children with mathematical potential do not perform as well as their nondyslexic counterparts on standardized math tests. A computational test and the Wechsler Memory Scale were administered to 4 groups, each with 27 children (aged 10–14 yrs). The groups were composed of (1) dyslexic Ss who demonstrated high abstract reasoning ability; (2) dyslexic Ss with average reasoning ability, (3) nondyslexic, mathematically gifted Ss; and (4) nondyslexic Ss with average mathematical ability. The performance of the high dyslexic group in abstract reasoning and logical thinking equaled that of the mathematically gifted nondyslexic Ss, while both were superior to the average nondyslexics, who, in turn, were superior to the average dyslexics. There was a significant interaction of dyslexia and giftedness in abstract reasoning, but results suggest that giftedness more than compensated for dyslexia in this ability. The memory skills of all dyslexic Ss were inferior to those of all nondyslexic Ss. It is concluded that tests of abstract reasoning may be used to identify dyslexic children with superior mathematical ability. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Presents the bivariate normal probability distribution as a method for estimating the prevalence of giftedness. The bivariate model requires the specification of 2 cutoff values for 2 selection variables and information regarding the size of the correlation between variables. The use and interpretation of bivariate estimates of the prevalence of giftedness are discussed. (2 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Reviews several areas of emphasis involved in counseling the gifted: understanding giftedness, problems with peer relationships, and coping with a lackluster school environment. A list of what is not yet known about gifted children (e.g., how to best define giftedness, how to "invite" students to want to learn to their maximum potential, what is the most effective form of guidance for the gifted) is included. (21 ref) (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
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Discusses giftedness as defined as a sociocultural phenomenon, the relationships between labeling and expectation, giftedness as a deviation from normality, and the problems of parents of gifted children and their membership in parents' organizations. The relationships among intelligence, achievement, and environment are discussed, and proposals for identification procedures and educational provisions are presented. (English abstract) (37 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Examines several definitions of the concepts giftedness and talent, particularly those of J. S. Renzulli (1979) and S. J. Cohn (1981). Criticism of their models leads to a proposal for differential definitions, where giftedness is associated with skill domains that underlie and explain exceptional performance in different fields of activity. An individual can be gifted without necessarily being talented, as attested by the phenomenon of underachievement. However, the inverse is not true. Several factors, such as motivation and environment, which act as catalysts for actualization of giftedness in specific talents, are discussed. (29 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Defines notion as a reflection of objective reality; selected principles of Marxian psychology are used in this definition: historicism, the unity of mind and activity, the mutual quantity–quality relation, and the dialectic unity of opposites. Using this definition, the author discusses talent and giftedness. In contrast to aptitude and ability, which can be developed, giftedness is viewed as a complex of stable internal conditions of activity and a functional substructure of personality. Various proposals for distinguishing talent from giftedness are reviewed, and the author concludes that the 2 terms are synonymous. (Russian abstract) (41 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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As the education for gifted students should be an integral part of a quality educational program for all students, it is important that the identification of gifted students be part of an ongoing comprehensive guidance program that is equitable and accurate. Many current identification procedures commit elementary psychometric errors. The present paper draws attention to some of these errors, and suggests improvements that can be effected. No method of selection can ever be perfect, so that identification policies must be permeated by a sensitivity for students' self-respect. Issues covered apply to the identification of giftedness in all its facets, but examples are drawn primarily from the identification of academic giftedness. Specific issues include the choice between predictive validity and social justice, methods for making teacher's assessments usable, and some misconceptions concerning giftedness. (14 ref) (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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Defines the terms talent and giftedness from the viewpoint of functional systems theory. It is contended that this approach may become the basis for the emphasis of individual talents and their classification. This approach enables the assimilation of complementary approaches to the problem of defining giftedness and makes it possible to formulate goals for the problem's physiological study. (30 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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Proposes a subtheory of intellectual giftedness according to which giftedness is understood in terms of 3 types of insight skills: (a) selective encoding, by which relevant information in a given context is sifted from irrelevant information; (b) selective combination, by which relevant information is combined in a novel and productive way; and (c) selective comparison, by which new information is related in a novel way to old information. This conceptualization is compared with traditional views of giftedness and insight in terms of theory and implications for assessment. It is shown how the theory could be tested. Some preliminary data are presented on the relation between insight skills and IQ and measures of inductive and deductive reasoning. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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- Journal Article (24)
- Thesis (5)