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Considers intelligence in its cultural context, discussing the definition of culture and what intelligence is across cultures and looking further at the special case of giftedness across cultures. After describing alternative models of the relationship of culture to intelligence, the author presents some studies of intelligence in its cultural context, and then discusses the concepts of culture-fair and culture-relevant testing, arguing that there is no such thing as a fully "culture-fair" test. Finally, the author argues for the importance of wisdom in all conceptions of intelligence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

School leaders are faced with many indicators of an achievement gap, including the underrepresentation of certain groups in advanced course-work and gifted programs. At the same time, multiple definitions and conceptions of giftedness have led to a lack of coherence in the field of gifted education, further contributing to this underrepresentation. Despite what has emerged as a broadened conception of giftedness, gifted identification lags behind. This study employed secondary data analysis of the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988/2000 to operationalize and determine the empirical consequences of a broadened conception of giftedness. Using Black students as a case example, findings revealed how school leaders can address underrepresentation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

Contemporary Challenges Confronting School Leaders is the eleventh in a series on research and theory dedicated to advancing our understanding of schools through empirical study and theoretical analysis. Consequently, the chapters include analyses that investigate relationships between school organizations and administrative practice that have an impact on teacher and student effectiveness. It begins with studies that investigated the effects of school variables, such as engagement, capacity building, and academic press on the achievement of students. Next, the work of researchers who studied other variables that have promise to affect positively the effectiveness of teachers and schools, which should result in improved achievement. It concludes with the work of colleagues on the salient contemporary issues of principals making decisions, avoiding stereotypes in identifying students for educational services, and the role of parents in improving schools. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: preface)

The purpose of the third edition of this book is to provide a comprehensive conceptual and practical overview of current theories of intelligence, individual measures of cognitive ability, and uses of intellectual assessments. This text summarizes the latest research in the field of intellectual assessment and includes comprehensive treatment of critical issues that should be considered when the use of intelligence tests is warranted. The three primary objectives of this book are as follows: (1) to present in-depth descriptions of prominent theories of intelligence, tests of cognitive abilities, and neuropsychological instruments, and issues related to the use of these tests; (2) to provide important information about the validity of contemporary intelligence, cognitive, and neuropsychological tests; and (3) to demonstrate the utility of a well-validated theoretical and research foundation for developing cognitive tests and interpretive approaches, and for guiding research and practice. The ultimate goal of this book is to provide professionals with the knowledge necessary to use the latest cognitive instruments effectively. Practitioners, university faculty, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, and other professionals in psychology and education will find this book interesting and useful. It would be appropriate as a primary text in any graduate (or advanced undergraduate) course or seminar on cognitive psychology, clinical or psychoeducational assessment, or measurement and psychometric theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: preface)

This chapter begins by providing a brief historical overview of giftedness, with an emphasis on identifying the major figures in the field. The theoretical formulation of intelligence and the conceptual links between intelligence and giftedness ate also discussed from a historical perspective. The evolution of multi trait theories of intelligence, the impact of advances in psychometrics on gifted assessment, and the increase in the number of theory-based cognitive measures are examined. The refinement of theory of intelligence centering on the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model is discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

This book is designed to provide readers with a better understanding of the unique challenges faced by today's young males and to share the most effective strategies for counseling boys and young men. The cultural expectations of young girls and women have long been the topic of books, articles, and media attention, but there has been a lack of attention to the specific needs of young boys and young men. Therefore, the content of this book represents a multidimensional exploration of issues and concerns that this group brings into the counseling office. By presenting a holistic view of the development of young males within their social, emotional, and behavioral realms, this book highlights many of the potential pitfalls they may face and relevant interventions to be used by clinicians. When selecting topics for the chapters in this book, current statistics and our rapidly changing culture shaped our choices. The content provides readers with information related to areas beyond those typically found in books addressing the counseling concerns of children and adolescents. The media is an overwhelming and greatly uncontrollable influence on our youth, and the current culture heavily emphasizes the importance of "having it your way" and "getting it while it is hot." Coupled with the increasing pressure to grow up fast and the ability of the Internet to provide information on taboo or titillating topics at the speed of a keyboard click, young people are confronted with knowledge and images beyond their maturity at record rates. Counselors must be willing to help young males make sense of the overabundance of data they are being fed, as they try to create their evolving identities. Thus, we have invited experts in the field to share their knowledge, experience, and strategies for best meeting the needs of these modern men-in-the-making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: preface)

The current chapter aims to focus on the learning disorders among boys. Boys are much more frequently diagnosed with learning disorders compared with girls, and this chapter addresses the basic learning disorders: reading disorder (RD), disorder of written expression, and mathematics learning disorder (MLD). Summaries of the typical presenting symptoms of learning disorders as well as information relating to the most effective treatments will be presented. Also addressed will be the ways in which learning disorders negatively influence the social development and acceptance of young males. We also touch on giftedness as a learning difference, as this can present barriers as well. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

In this chapter, the reader is introduced to the problem of underachievement in gifted adolescents. Issues relevant to psychological therapy with underachieving gifted students will be described and links will be made between the presenting problems and specific therapeutic activities of experiential dynamic therapies (EDT). Transcripts from a psychological therapy with a young gifted adolescent will be presented to illustrate how an Intensive Experiential-Dynamic Psychotherapy (IE-DP) perspective informed the clinical work undertaken, in particular, anxiety work, and separating healthy Ego from harshly critical Superego. Patient- and therapist-reported changes at termination of therapy will be outlined. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

Identifying and Serving Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Gifted Students revolutionizes the identification and education of culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) gifted and talented students. Written with the educator, administrator, and program developer in mind, this book will positively transform the educational system for working with CLD Student populations. Correlated with the updated NAGC standards, the book examines existing program structures through the lens of over- and underrepresentation of CLD students in gifted programs. The book also features a formula for auditing current programs for CLD representation and an innovative model for identifying these students for gifted services. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

Why are some gifted children willing to tackle new challenges whereas others seem insecure or uninterested? Why do some gifted students achieve while others become caught in a cycle of underachievement? Are there strategies teachers and parents can implement that promote an achievement-oriented attitude? The Underachieving Gifted Child: Recognizing, Understanding, and Reversing Underachievement answers these important questions. Although there are many factors that contribute to achievement, achievement-oriented students exhibit four key traits: they believe that they have the skills to perform well, they expect that they can succeed, they believe what they are doing is meaningful, and they set realistic expectations and implement strategies to successfully complete their goals. This book offers specific strategies to help increase student achievement by improving students' attitudes in these four important areas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

In this chapter, we review research related to the practices within the field of gifted education. Talent and giftedness is a phenomenon that greatly interests our society. However, educators have a somewhat ambivalent attitude toward giftedness and gifted children. There is no agreed-on definition of giftedness to guide practice and programs, as there is with other special categories of children; and there is no federal mandate to serve gifted children. As a result, the kinds of services available to gifted children in schools vary widely. We try to capture that variability and the issues that frame practice and theory within this emerging field of psychology and education. We also provide some perspectives on how this developing area of research and practice fits more broadly into the field of educational psychology and identify critical areas of future research and educational policy reform. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

The gifted remain an often misunderstood and underserved population. This book provides practitioners with timely information on who exactly are the gifted and in what ways they are unique. The author, a noted authority on gifted and talented students, explores practical, evidence-based techniques and guidelines for working with these students, their teachers, and their families. Specific topics considered include: how to identify and assess gifted students from a best-practices perspective; what programs exist for high ability students; the special needs of gifted students with coexisting disabilities; career counseling for gifted and talented students; methods for working with the families of the gifted; and legally correct and ethically-smart counseling techniques. An accompanying CD contains useful tools such as PowerPoint presentations and reproducible handouts and forms. Written in a user-friendly style, this book will be an invaluable resource for all school psychologists, counselors, and other practitioners who work with gifted students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

What is giftedness? Is it the potential for success or is it the experience of being an "outsider"? This book addresses the unique psychological needs of gifted children, which are often manifested as "feeling different," and examines special issues such as gifted children with learning disabilities, gender considerations, implications of socioeconomic status, and more. Giftedness 101 dispels common myths about giftedness and challenges the view that eminence is the true signifier of giftedness. It offers specific guidelines to psychologists, parents, and teachers; describes comprehensive assessment of the gifted; provides support for the twice exceptional; and focuses on the complex inner world of the gifted. The book defines giftedness as a psychological reality with powerful ramifications throughout the lifespan. Giftedness 101 will be a valuable, eye-opening resource for psychologists, educators, and other professionals who work with the gifted, as well as gifted individuals and their families. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

The accusations in Gagné's (this volume) chapter are addressed and discussed. More importantly, this chapter describes the detailed differences between our two theoretical frameworks. Our theoretical framework is based on deliberate practice and focus on evidence that practice can dramatically influence the development of children, adolescents, and adults when the individuals engage in the designed practice for hours on a daily basis for months, years, and decades. In contrast, Gagné emphasizes the role of innate genetic differences and informal exercise. Once we accept the overwhelming evidence for genetic control of individual differences in height and body size, our empirical review has not uncovered rigorous scientific evidence that meets our standards and demonstrates conclusively that innate talent (gifts) are necessary for attaining expert performance. Based on the same standards, Gagné's anecdotal evidence from laypersons is rejected. The chapter concludes with an outline for how giftedness can be studied with the same rigorous scientific methods used for studying expert performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

This chapter pursues two main goals: (a) demonstrate that natural abilities—and their outstanding expression as gifts—really exist (the mainstream Pronat position), and that recent attacks by a few researchers who deny their existence (the Antinat position) can be easily parried empirically; (b) expose improper scholarly behavior by some Antinat researchers. Part I surveys the author's Differentiated Model of Giftedness and Talent (DMGT) and analyzes the concept of natural ability, pointing out its main defining characteristics. Then, it demonstrates with extensive empirical evidence that general intelligence meets all defining criteria of a natural ability. Part II illustrates how some influent Antinat researchers systematically exclude relevant evidence, accumulate irrelevant information, ignore crucial objections, and select from published studies only the results that support their position. These repeated instances of ethically improper scientific behavior show their lack of openness to an objective examination of all the available evidence and reassessment of their entrenched beliefs (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

This reprinted article originally appeared in High Ability Studies, Vol. 18, No. 1, June 2007, pp. 3-56. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2007-12554-002). Giftedness researchers have long debated whether there is empirical evidence to support a distinction between giftedness and attained level of achievement. In this paper we propose a general theoretical framework that establishes scientific criteria for acceptable evidence of superior reproducible performance, which any theory of exceptional performance must explain. We review evidence for superior reproducible performance, generally emerging only after extended periods of deliberate practice that result in subsequent physiological adaptations and complex cognitive mechanisms. We also apply this framework to examine proposed evidence for innate talents. With the exception of fixed genetic factors determining body size and height, we were unable to find evidence for innate constraints to the attainment of elite achievement for healthy individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

What are the origins of greatness? Few other questions have caused such intense debate, controversy, and diversity of opinions. In recent years, a large body of research has accumulated that suggests that the origins of greatness are extraordinarily complex. Instead of talent or practice, it's talent and practice. Instead of nature or nature, it's nature via nurture. Instead of practice, it's deliberate practice. Instead of the causes of greatness in general, it's the determinants of greatness specific to a field. The Complexity of Greatness brings together a variety of perspectives and the most cutting-edge research on genes, talent, intelligence, expertise, deliberate practice, creativity, prodigies, savants, mindset, passion, and persistence. A variety of different domains are represented, including science, mathematics, expert memory, acting, visual arts, music, and sports. This book demonstrates that the truth about greatness is far more nuanced, complex, and fascinating than any one viewpoint or paradigm can possibly reveal. Indeed, it suggests that the time has come to go beyond talent or practice. Greatness is much, much more. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: jacket)

Featuring reproducible forms, sample scripts, and other clinical tools, this indispensable book shows how to select, administer, and interpret evidence-based intelligence tests for a variety of purposes. It provides quick-reference guidelines for comprehensively assessing an individual K-12 student and sharing the results through effective written reports and in-person meetings. Basic concepts in intellectual assessment are concisely explained and the role of testing in a response-to-intervention framework is addressed. Discussions of intellectual disability and specific learning disorder reference DSM-5 criteria. The large-size format and lay-flat binding facilitate photocopying; purchasers also get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

Giftedness models published in the last two decades are characterized, almost without exception, by multidimensional and/or typological ability constructs. Two such examples are presented below: the Munich Model of Giftedness (MMG) and the Munich Dynamic Ability-Achievement Model (MDAAM). In the MMG, Heller and Hany (1986) and Heller (1992/2001) conceptualized giftedness or talent as a multifactorized ability construct within a network of noncognitive personality (motivations, learning emotions, control expectations, self-concepts, etc.) and social moderators as well as performance-related (criterion) variables. Diagnosis and intervention examine the difference among predictor, criterion, and moderator variables. In an attempt to forge a bridge between the psychometrically based research into giftedness and the process-oriented expertise research, Perieth (2001) extended the MMG to the MDAAM. An increase degree of expertise influences active learning processes, which in turn influence expansions of knowledge and the acquisition of domain specific competencies. This implies that noncognitive personality characteristics such as interest and task commitment or achievement motivation are to be accorded increased significance regarding talent potential. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

Although educational theories are briefly addressed in a variety of textbooks and in some discipline-specific handbooks and/or encyclopedias, The Handbook of Educational Theories serves as the first comprehensive, consolidated collection of some of the most influential and most frequently quoted and consulted educational theories. The organization of the chapters within each section makes the volume an easy-to-use and understandable reference tool. In addition to the traditional theories presented, the handbook includes emerging educational theories for the 21st century, as well as practical examples of the use of these theories in research from dissertations and published articles. This book is intended for graduate students, professors, or practitioners who are (a) seeking theoretical frameworks to guide research, (b) searching for a text on educational theories to use as a teaching/learning tool, or (c) examining educational theories to guide practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)