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This collection of 6 case studies provides a longitudinal account of the development of children who can be variously described as gifted in the visual arts. We use this term in a very broad sense that includes those who as young adults choose art as their major vocation, as well as children who show an early fascination with drawing, attested by their large output, intense interest and, at times, unusual facility in rendering objects naturalistically. The longitudinal accounts highlight significant individual differences in the personality and style of the young artists reviewed here, and also cast into sharp relief the different perspectives the authors bring to their narratives. The developmental profiles focus on a diversity of motivating factors that propel their Ss to explore their chosen artistic medium and acquires the techniques that enable them to give form to their particular view of the world. Beyond factors that seem to inhere in the child, authors address the impact of environmental forces, including the family, schooling, and diverse social, cultural, and economic factors. In bringing together this collection of cases, our aim was to sketch the variety of ways in which talented children develop their interest in the visual arts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: introduction)

[book section covering several chapters] "Self-Concept of Gifted Students: Patterns by Self-Concept Domain, Grade Level, and Gender" / Nicholas Colangelo and Susan Assouline "Intelligence, Gender and Self-Esteem" / Fellyanka Stoyanova "Self-Concept of Chinese and Dutch Gifted and Non-Gifted Children" / Willy Peters, Hongli Ma, Franz Mönks and Guohua Ye "The Relationship Between Family Structure and Self-Esteem in Gifted Children" / Alper Sahin (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: book)

[book section covering several chapters] "Heredity and Giftedness: From Eugenics to Euphenics" / Andrew Czeizel "Nature, Nurture, and Intelligence (Synopsis)" / Robert Plomin "Metacognition and Achievements of Gifted Students" / Andrzej Sękowski "Advanced Reasoning in Gifted Adolescents: Stages and Strategies" / Ornella Andreani, Adriano Pagnin and A. Zanetti "The Figurative and Visual Metaphor: A Means or Basis of Creative Thinking?" / Wieslawa Limont "Cultivating Courage, Creativity and Caring" / James T. Webb "Temperament and Giftedness: American and European Perspectives" / Rebecca D. Geiger (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: book)

This book presents current research in theory and practice in the field of high ability. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: create) The contributions are grouped into 2 main parts—the 1st emphasizing an experimental context and the 2nd an educational and other applied contexts. In an introductory chapter the editors place the chapters in a common frame of interpretation, pointing to the numerous points of convergence as well as lines of future development in both research and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

[book section covering several chapters] "Learning and High Ability: A Perspective from Research in Instructional Psychology" / Eric De Corte "New Directions for the Schoolwide Enrichment Model" / Joseph S. Renzulli "Nurturing Children for Adult Success" / Herbert J. Walberg "High Ability Students in Higher Education" / Frank De Mink "Teachers' Cognitive Processes of Identifying Gifted Students" / Ernst A. Hany (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: book)

[book section covering several chapters] "Vocational Giftedness: Evaluation of the BMBW's Program 'Promotion of Giftedness in Vocational Training"' / Rudolf Manstetten "Educational and Professional Biographies of Recipients of Grants" / Thomas Bals "Criteria and Instruments for Identifying Vocational Giftedness" / Heinz Holling, Klaus Wübbelmann and Heinrich Geldschläger (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: book)

[book section covering several chapters] "Deeper and Broader: The Pyramid of Talent Development in the Context of the Giftedness Construct" / Jane Piirto "Learning About the Nature of Gifts and Talents Through Peer and Teacher Nominations" / Françoys Gagné "Development of Social Giftedness and Gifted Personality in Context" / Cornelis F. M. van Lieshout "Talent in Sport: Significant Others in the Career of Top-Level Dutch Athletes" / Jacques H. A. van Rossum "Gifted Children's Early Years by Parental Interviews" / Maria Herskovits and Éva Gyarmathy (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: book)

[reviews] psychological conceptions of giftedness [and] operational definitions used by states and school districts / the current status of the field of education of the gifted is discussed, as are current issues in the field / promising alternate strategies for the future and new directions are mentioned, including the extension of services often reserved for gifted students to develop talents in all students (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)

Despite tabloid headlines to the contrary, TV has no effect on children. "Effect" implies that TV does something to someone. Nothing could be further from the truth. Children take from TV. What they take, the manner by which they take, and what they do with that information once taken is up to the child. By the very nature of being extremely bright and precocious, intellectually gifted kids are particularly vulnerable to some media messages, well protected and insulated from others, and capable of learning more from yet other forms of TV than other children. Reading "Reclaiming the Wasteland" will give parents and teachers a greater awareness of their children's televiewing and offer a prescription for how to neutralize or avoid the more negative outcomes and maximize or accentuate the more positive ones. This book is based on the belief that TV viewing need not be a dysfunctional or mindless activity for gifted kids; it can and should be enriching, mind-expanding, instructional, and fun . . . if used correctly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: cover)

In turn-of-the-century Europe, Lou Andreas-Salome (1861-1937) was a prolific and celebrated writer and thinker. Under the tutelage of a minister, Lou studied classical philosophy, history, and religion, subjects that were unusual for women of that time. Raised in an upper class family in St. Petersburg, Russia, Lou chose not to follow her mother's traditional path and become a lady in high society. Instead, she chose personal freedom: the freedom to create options and to direct her own life course. Lou enjoyed visiting the salons of the intelligentsia spread throughout western Europe, discussing the intellectual topics of the day. She found her niche by writing about the oppression of women through marriage (albeit in fiction) and about her ideas on religious faith. She is famous for her close associations with Nietzsche, Rilke, and Freud, men who praised Lou for her stunning intelligence and who greatly relied on her to synthesize and advance their theories. Lou engaged in numerous romantic relationships, even after she married. She thrived on the adoration of new lovers. As soon as the initial infatuation ceased, however, Lou abruptly dropped one lover for another, with little or no understanding of the pain she caused her rejected suitor. The way Lou lived her life--the way she defied social conventions, her self-centeredness in relationships, her need for constant admiration, combined with her giftedness, attractiveness, and childlike naivete--suggests a narcissistic disturbance. After a presentation of Lou's life history, with a focus on her relationships with Nietzsche, Rilke, and Freud, her biography is analyzed according to Alice Miller's theory of narcissism, as presented in Miller's work, The Drama of the Gifted Child. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

The purpose of this study was to explore the use of the Overexcitabilities Questionnaire (OEQ) for identifying gifted African American students at the elementary level. Dabrowski's (1964, 1970, 1972, 1991) theory of emotional development provided the theoretical framework for the study. His theory addresses the relationship between cognition and emotion, and emphasizes characteristics that are prominent in the literature on giftedness. The OEQ (Lysy and Piechowski, 1983) was used to assess the five types of overexcitabilities--psychomotor, sensual, imaginational, intellectual, and emotional. The research questions guiding this study were: (1) Can the overexcitabilities, as measured by the OEQ, predict the membership according to the South Carolina Weighted Profile for the three groups--gifted, neargifted, and non-gifted? (2) Does the OEQ identify more African American students as gifted than the traditional identification method? (3) How do the patterns of OEs (profiles) compare between or among the various groups in the study? The subjects were 117 fourth and fifth grade students in four school districts in South Carolina. By ethnicity, 72 were African American and 45 Caucasian. By classification, 48 were gifted; 30, near-gifted; and 39 non-gifted. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analyses and predictive discriminant analyses (PDA). The results of the analyses indicated that emotional and intellectual overexcitabilities could reliably predict group membership although not much better than would be predicted by chance. More African Americans were identified for gifted by the OEQ, than traditional methods, in fact, the OEQ seems to favor African American males and females and Caucasian females. The comparisons of mean OE scores for the various groups showed some surprising trends. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)

Studies of children with IQs of 200+ are rare in the research literature. This research comprised case studies of two children with IQs of 200+ and focused on two units of analysis: (1) the profoundly gifted child, and (2) family forces. Aspects of profound giftedness included commonalities and differences in general mental characteristics, specific talents and interests, and developmental history. Family forces included values, family climate, and transgenerational influences shaping expression of child talent into either a focused or generalized manifestation. "Focused" is prodigy-like investment in a talent area manifested through professional level achievement. "Generalized" is widespread interests and abilities with no particular area claiming primary significance. Two families were selected based on child IQ, intact families, and focused vs. generalized talent. Intact families were selected to facilitate analysis of transgenerational influences. In-depth interviews were conducted with the parents, children and others who had close involvement with the children (e.g., members of the extended family, teachers, or classmates). Additional data came from clinical records, test reports, personal documents and participant observation. The children were administered the Inventory of Childhood Memories and Imaginings: Children's Form (ICMIC). The Moos Family Environment Scale (FES) was used to measure family climate. Developmental commonalities included birth trauma, early onset of language, and unpredictable cognitive leaps. Both children exhibited insight way beyond their years and experienced sudden knowledge manifesting inexplicably. The ICMIC identified the focused child as fantasy-prone (96th percentile). The generalized child scored at the 86th percentile on the Inventory (not fantasy-prone). Both manifested strong intrapersonal and interpersonal sensitivity, logical-mathematical, and linguistic abilities, less strong bodily-kinesthetic skills, and were variabl (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Meeting the individualized needs of children with advanced abilities, regardless of gender, remains a challenge for educators today despite refined identification techniques and abundant data on effective educational interventions. Research shows girls to be significantly disadvantaged by both the identification procedures for giftedness in many schools and a profile of psychosocial characteristics putting them at risk for high level achievement by middle school ages. Few studies have explored the psychosocial development of young gifted girls to illuminate factors potentially impacting their educational experience and ultimately influencing the staggering discrepancies between numbers of eminent females and males. The purpose of this study was to provide descriptive foundational information on the psychosocial development of five highly gifted young girls, Stanford-Binet L-M IQ's from 140 to 154, aged three to five. The focus of the study was the girls' observed intense sensitivities and atypical interpersonal understanding. Dabrowski's (1964) theory of emotional development assisted observation of the intense sensitivities. Selman's (1980) developmental theory of interpersonal reasoning facilitated understanding of the interpersonal organization of each child. Two dimensions of social development, Conceptions of Persons and Conceptions of Close Friendship, were explored within the contexts of home and school. A naturalistic research design was used for this study due to its inherent sensitivity to people in context, vital for a study of young children. Methodology included participant and passive observation of the children in their classrooms over a two year time period, parent interviews, and reflective clinical interviews of the children. A multiple case study replication design was used. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Gifted children may need assistance developing a positive self-concept if they are to reach their full potential. Parents play a role in shaping and influencing the attitudes and values of their children. Having a gifted child may affect the self-perceptions of the parents and the child. This study examined the relationships between specific self-perceptions of gifted children and their parents. This study included 71 families (subjects = 211), with follow-up interviews of five families (subjects = 16). The students were between 9 and 11 years old, identified as gifted, and lived with both parents. Parents and children completed a demographic information form and a questionnaire about the characteristics of giftedness. Children also completed the Self-Perception Profile for Children (Harter, 1985), and parents completed the Adult Self-Perception Profile (Messer & Harter, 1986). For the purposes of this study, a parent was classified as gifted if she or he met certain criteria. Students reported higher self-concepts than the norming samples on the scholastic, social, behavioral, and global dimensions. Mothers and fathers tended to rate themselves lower than the norming samples. Females rated themselves lower on the athletic subscale than males, and higher on the behavioral conduct subscale. Mothers and fathers classified as gifted rated themselves higher than did nongifted parents. Because the range of self-perception scores was negatively skewed, few correlations between groups were found. Characteristics of giftedness data were collected in the areas of advanced cognitive development, persistence and motivation, standards of excellence, perspective, mental processing ability, and social and emotional qualities. The rate of agreement between parents and their children was calculated. Gifted parents had higher rates of agreement with their children than did nongifted parents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

This study focused on the age position debate concerning the school performance of intellectually gifted students who have started school on time (as opposed to early or delayed entrants). Ss were 275 students in Grades 2–8 who had obtained a minimum score of 129 on the Cognitive Abilities Test (R. Thorndike and E. Hagan, 1986). Dependent measures included performance on the Iowa Tests of Basic Skills, teacher checklists of classroom behavior, and handwriting skill. Data were obtained both for 2 groups: older students (with birthdates in the 4 mo immediately following the legal cutoff school entrance date) and younger students (with birthdates in the 4 mo immediately preceding that date). ANOVA revealed a significant but nonmeaningful difference between older and younger groups in academic achievement and no significant differences in classroom behavior or visual-motor skill. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Examined group differences according to giftedness and academic achievement for acquisition and transfer of a strategy. 101 high achieving gifted, underachieving gifted, high achieving nongifted, and average achieving nongifted middle-school students orally solved sets of verbal and figural analogies across 4 phases: before being trained to use a strategy (baseline), after training, at proximal transfer (analogies from the trained domain), and at distal transfer (analogies from the nontrained domain). It was found that Ss who excelled on measures of intelligence, achievement, or both, tended to exceed their peers in spontaneous strategy implementation, strategy acquisition and generalization, and the number of analogies solved, suggesting that deficits in strategic functioning are 1 source of underachievement in the gifted population. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Addresses the laxity in terminology that afflicts the field of gifted education, especially the definitions of 2 central constructs: giftedness and talent. A differentiated model is proposed, based on a distinction between 2 types of abilities, natural abilities and systematically developed skills, labeled respectively gifts (or aptitudes) and talents. Both types of abilities are described and exemplified. The model is used as a guide for a series of comments on the appropriate use of labels to describe more accurately the target population(s), emphasizing the predominance of intellectually gifted and academically talented pupils. Four other labels that have been used to describe gifted and talented children and adults are discussed (i.e., precocity, ableness, genius, and prodigy). (A correction concerning this article appears in Roeper Review, 1996[Feb–Mar], Vol 18[3], 231. The correct version of Figure 1 is presented.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Discusses the theories and research of S. L. Rubinshteyn (1958, 1959), J. P. Guilford (1967, 1971), and E. P. Torrance (1967) on the assessment of creative intelligence. The biological basis of creativity, early manifestations of giftedness, intellectual aspects of creativity, and the development of creative potential are examined. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)

Argues that educators of the gifted have overlooked important evidence on the power of special environments because of our habit of considering cognitive outcomes and an outsider view of evidence as the standard for judging the benefits of special environments. It is proposed that the significant effect of the social context of these environments be used as a construct to guide further study of the benefit of gifted programs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Examined social coping strategies among 238 gifted students, aged 10–17 yrs old. Ss completed the Adjective Checklist and the Social Coping Questionnaire for Gifted Students. Five meaningful factors were revealed after factor analysis of survey data: denial of giftedness, popularity/conformity, peer acceptance, fear of failure, and activity level. The most highly able Ss were most likely to deny being gifted, and Ss with predominant verbal abilities reported lower levels of peer acceptance than Ss with predominant mathematical abilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)