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Studied the general intellectual abilities, the performance motivation, and the creative abilities of 7th graders who were gifted in language and mathematics. Human Ss: 28 male and female Slovak school-age children and adolescents (aged 12.5–13.5 yrs) (mathematical giftedness) (7th graders at a special school) (experimental group). 33 male and female Slovak school-age children and adolescents (aged 12.5–13.5 yrs) (language giftedness) (7th graders at a special school) (experimental group). 28 normal male and female Slovak school-age children and adolescents (aged 12.5–13.5 yrs) (7th graders at a regular school) (control group). Tests used: The Intelligence Structure Test, the Achievement Motivation Questionnaire (T. Pardel et al, 1987), the Creative Thinking Test—Drawing (K. Urban and H. G. Jellen, 1986) and the Adjective Check List of Creativity (T. Yarnell and G. Domino). (English & German abstracts) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
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The extraordinary giftedness is apparently a unique manifestation of a mutual interconnection between genes and environment. One of the possible etiological factors of intellectual giftedness is testosterone which is believed to affect the brain organization and function. The aim of our study was to analyze associations between 2D:4D digit ratio (a proxy of prenatal testosterone) and/or salivary testosterone levels with non-verbal IQ in intellectually gifted girls. Fifty-one girls with an age range of 10 to18 years and IQ scores higher than 130 were tested. Saliva samples were collected to obtain levels of salivary testosterone. 2D:4D digit ratio was measured on both hands as an indicator of prenatal testosterone. IQ parameters were assessed employing standardized set of tests. The CAG repeat polymorphism in exon 1 of the androgen receptor gene was analyzed to assess the sensitivity of androgen receptor. Testing of between-subjects effects proved significant interactions between right and left 2D:4D ratio, genetic variability in androgen receptor, and also salivary testosterone level with non-verbal IQ in gifted girls. Our results point out that the variability in parameters of androgenicity contributes to the variability of nonverbal IQ in gifted girls. However, the exact molecular mechanism of how testosterone acts on the brain and affects this cognitive domain remains still unclear. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)
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N. Geschwind and A. M. Galaburda (1985) hypothesized that testosterone influences foetal brain development leading to special intellectual skills. Testosterone may, according to the proposed theory, also affect the development of the motor and immune system. In the present paper salivary testosterone levels were related to intellectual giftedness in both sexes separately. Handedness and allergy occurrence were studied in 235 intellectually gifted school-age children (age 7-14 yrs) and compared with those of 144 of their peers from the general population. Gifted children were found to be less right-handed than non-gifted controls. Gifted boys had a higher occurrence of allergy and lower levels of salivary testosterone in comparison with non-gifted boys. Gifted girls had higher levels of salivary testosterone than non-gifted girls. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
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