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The primary purpose of this article is to increase educators' understanding of high ability among those students so that recognizing that ability and subsequently referring these students to gifted education programs can alleviate their underrepresentation in gifted programs. Thirty-nine students from a specialized school for students with visual impairments participated in the study (24 males and 15 females). The limitations of this study should be considered when interpreting the results. These include the small sample size, the geographic location, and the special nature of the school. To raise awareness, organizations for the blind and visually impaired should undertake a marketing and public relations campaign to promote screening and identifying giftedness among students who are visually impaired. These organizations might also develop a position paper to distribute throughout the country to public and private schools on this vital topic. We recommend conducting future research on students with visual impairments to enhance the results of this study. Our research should be replicated in other regions of the United States so that more accurate generalizations can be made about the characteristics of students who are gifted and visually impaired or blind. Gathering more information about this population will empower students to maximize their potential. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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The affective characteristics of gifted individuals, as well as the social and emotional needs related to those characteristics, have been well documented by researchers in the field of gifted education (Clark, 2002; Cohen & Frydenberg, 1996; Cross, 2001; Delisle,1987; Roeper, 1995; Silverman, 1993). However, despite the evidence and support provided by the literature, proactive attention to the affective domain is still overlooked in many schools unless that attention is in reaction to some overt problem identified by teachers or the administration (Peterson, 2003). Addressing the affective domain within the curricula is appropriate for all students, but it is essential for gifted students whose affective traits may include divergent thinking, overexcitabilities, sensitivities, perceptiveness, and entelechy (Lovecky, 1992). In order to meet the program standards set forth by NAGC, gifted programs must incorporate the affective domain. Specific strategies to meet students' affective needs can be integrated into any subject area through individual activities, lessons, curricular units, or separate units. It is essential, however, that teachers who endeavor to address the affective aspects of giftedness be willing to follow up on issues that are inadvertently revealed. Whenever classroom activities touch upon the affective realm, it is important to remember that most teachers are not trained counselors. Teachers may not be prepared for all that is disclosed. A support system must be in place in the form of school counselors, school psychologists, and/or therapists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)
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It had been said by many educators of the gifted that it is easier to define what differentiation of the curriculum is not than it is to define what differentiation of the curriculum is. Over the years, the concept of differentiating the curriculum for gifted students has changed commensurate to the changes in the definition of giftedness, the contemporary emphasis in general education, and the political and parental responses to general and gifted education. The many definitions of differentiation have resulted in the term becoming a referent for any learning experience that attends to individual differences. In reality, differentiation can be defined by the who—the learner and his or her needs, interest, and abilities; the what—the content and skills of the subject matter to be taught; the how—the pedagogy to be used to teach the content, skills, or both; and the where—the setting, grouping, or both needed to effectively implement the curriculum (the what) to the learner (the who). The original need to differentiate the curriculum for gifted students was based on the recognized strengths of these learners and the acknowledged inadequacy of the regular or core curriculum to meet these needs. The discrepancy theory assesses the core curriculum against the traits of gifted students in order to determine the missing curricular elements that would be responsive to the needs of students. This comparative analysis between the needs, interests, and abilities of gifted students and the content, processes, and product components of the core curriculum traditionally justified the purpose for a differentiated curriculum. To the degree that the core curriculum correlates with the defined attributes of gifted students, it is perceived as either appropriately or inappropriately differentiated. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)
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In an ideal world researchers and educators could collaborate to compile a definitive and exhaustive list of characteristics of gifted learners, which then could be used to guide identification, teaching strategies, and curriculum selection for this population. Unfortunately, no such list can or should be created, for one of the unifying themes in research on characteristics of gifted learners is, in fact, the great diversity among them. Gifted and talented learners are not a homogeneous group; to the contrary, they are varied and unique. Despite this diversity, research suggests that there are a handful of traits that may occur with greater frequency in gifted learners than in the general population. In this chapter, some of these characteristics are discussed, with the caveat that it is not the intention to provide a checklist by which students may be identified as either "gifted" or "not gifted." Rather, the intent is to provide educators with an overview of characteristics that may be present in some gifted and high-ability students, and to illustrate how these characteristics may vary based on a variety of factors, including gender, sociocultural group, the presence of a hidden or overt disability, age, and whether a student is achieving or underachieving. By discussing the heterogeneity associated with gifted and talented learners, this chapter may be useful to educators attempting to look beyond rigid stereotypes to more diverse and flexible conceptions of giftedness in a broad spectrum of children and young adults. To begin, the following illustrative case studies are presented. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: chapter)
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