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  • Background: This article presents the results of two studies related to successful learning at school. Successful passing from pre-school to school activities depends on the mental maturity of children. Peculiarity of the development of the attention is important to successful learning at primary school. Aims and methods: The first study was aimed for evaluation of differences of learning different educational contents, and the Control Drawing Observation method was used. The second study had the aim to investigate the characteristics of attention of primary schoolchildren using the Black-Red Numbers Table method and interview with teachers. Results: Pupils learning different educational contents had the same mental maturity levels. But higher mental maturity level was related to concentration ability and work self-sustaining. There were found no gender or school motivation relationship with mental maturity, but girls and boys differed in school motivation. The main problems for pre-school-aged children were related to the memorization and carrying out of instructions. It was found that intensity, concentration and displacement of attention and both ability to stand from the outside stimulus and the ability to listen and follow verbal instructions were significantly related to respondents’ age. The intensity and concentration was also related to the level of progressiveness at school. The results didn’t confirm the hypothesis that concentration of attention is related to the educational content. Conclusions: The mental maturity level is not related to the educational content. The progressiveness at school is connected to the intensity and concentration of the attention. All its features (intensity, concentration and displacement) develop according to the age of primary pupils. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: journal abstract)

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